How does a tissue machine work

A tissue machine is a complex piece of machinery used in the production of various types of tissue products such as toilet paper, paper towels, and facial tissues. This article will discuss the working principles and processes involved in a tissue machine.

The Papermaking Process

The production of tissue paper involves several stages, including pulping, refining, and sheet formation. Here is a step-by-step breakdown of how a tissue machine works:

1. Pulping

The first stage of the process is pulping, where wood chips or recycled paper fibers are mixed with water to create a pulp. The pulp is then heated and treated with chemicals to break down the fibers and remove impurities.

2. Refining

In the refining stage, the pulp is further processed to improve its strength and quality. It is fed into a refiner, which consists of rotating discs or blades that beat and grind the fibers. This process helps to create a smoother and more uniform pulp.

3. Sheet Formation

The refined pulp is then transferred to the tissue machine. The machine consists of a wire mesh conveyor belt that carries the pulp mixture onto a forming section. As the pulp flows onto the mesh, water drains away through the small holes, leaving behind a mat of fibers.

At this stage, chemicals may be added to enhance the strength and softness of the tissue paper. The pulp mat is then pressed between large metal rollers to remove additional water and increase the density of the paper. This process is known as dewatering.

4. Drying and Finishing

After dewatering, the partially formed tissue paper is fed into a drying section. The paper is passed through a series of heated rollers to remove the remaining moisture. The temperature and speed of the rollers are carefully controlled to produce the desired quality of tissue paper.

Once the paper is dry, it may undergo additional processes such as creping, embossing, or perforating to give the tissue its desired texture and appearance. Finally, the tissue paper is wound onto large rolls, ready to be cut into smaller rolls or folded into individual sheets.

Conclusion

A tissue machine is a sophisticated piece of equipment that converts pulp into tissue paper. By following a series of intricate processes, including pulping, refining, sheet formation, drying, and finishing, the machine produces high-quality tissue products. Understanding how a tissue machine works helps us appreciate the complexity and craftsmanship involved in the production of everyday items we often take for granted.